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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
The American Adventure: TV History Series 1607-1876 DVD MP4 USB
Drive
September 17: Constitution Day: --
September 17, 1787: The United States: The History Of The United
States: The Constitution Of The United States: The Constitutional
Convention (The Philadelphia Convention, The Federal Convention,
The Grand Convention At Philadelphia) (May 25 - September 17,
1787): -- The United States Constitution is signed in Philadelphia
during at the conclusion of the Constitutional Convention, also
known as the Philadelphia Convention, the Federal Convention, or
the Grand Convention at Philadelphia. On February 21, 1787, the
Confederation Congress called a convention of state delegates at
Philadelphia to propose a plan of government. On the appointed
day, May 14, 1787, only the Virginia and Pennsylvania delegations
were present, and so the convention's opening meeting was
postponed for lack of a quorum. A quorum of seven states met and
deliberations began on May 25. Eventually twelve states were
represented; 74 delegates were named, 55 attended and 39 signed.
The final document, engrossed with estern calligraphy by Jacob
Shallus, was taken up on Monday, September 17, at the Convention's
final session. Several of the delegates were disappointed in the
result, a makeshift series of unfortunate compromises. Some
delegates left before the ceremony, and three others refused to
sign. Of the thirty-nine signers, Benjamin Franklin summed up,
addressing the Convention: "There are several parts of this
Constitution which I do not at present approve, but I am not sure
I shall never approve them." He would accept the
Constitution, "because I expect no better and because I am
not sure that it is not the best". The advocates of the
Constitution were anxious to obtain unanimous support of all
twelve states represented in the Convention. Their accepted
formula for the closing endorsement was "Done in Convention,
by the unanimous consent of the States present." At the end
of the convention, the proposal was agreed to by eleven state
delegations and the lone remaining delegate from New York,
Alexander Hamilton. The United States Constitution is the supreme
law of the United States. The Constitution, originally comprising
seven articles, delineates the national frame of government. Its
first three articles embody the doctrine of the separation of
powers, whereby the federal government is divided into three
branches: the legislative, consisting of the bicameral Congress;
the executive, consisting of the President; and the judicial,
consisting of the Supreme Court and other federal courts. Articles
Four, Five and Six embody concepts of federalism, describing the
rights and responsibilities of state governments and of the states
in relationship to the federal government. Article Seven
establishes the procedure subsequently used by the thirteen States
to ratify it. It is regarded as the oldest written and codified
national constitution in force of the world. Since the
Constitution came into force in 1789, it has been amended 27
times, including an amendment (the Twenty-first) to repeal a
previous one (the Eighteenth, that established the prohibition of
alcoholic beverages), in order to meet the changing needs of a
nation that has profoundly changed since the eighteenth century.
In general, the first ten amendments, known collectively as the
Bill Of Rights, offer specific protections of individual liberty
and justice and place restrictions on the powers of government.
The majority of the seventeen later amendments expand individual
civil rights protections. Others address issues related to federal
authority or modify government processes and procedures.
Amendments to the United States Constitution, unlike ones made to
many constitutions worldwide, are appended to the document. All
four pages of the original U.S. Constitution are written on
parchment. According to the United States Senate: "The
Constitution's first three words-We the People-affirm that the
government of the United States exists to serve its citizens. For
over two centuries the Constitution has remained in force because
its framers wisely separated and balanced governmental powers to
safeguard the interests of majority rule and minority rights, of
liberty and equality, and of the federal and state governments."
The first permanent constitution of its kind, adopted by the
people's representatives for an expansive nation, it is
interpreted, supplemented, and implemented by a large body of
constitutional law, and has influenced the constitutions of other
nations. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
Immigration To The United States Documentaries DVD, MP4, USB Drive
September 17: Constitution Day And
Citizenship Day: -- Commemorates the adoption of the Constitution
of the United States and those who have become United States
citizens. On this day, members of the U.S. Constitutional
Convention signed the Constitution in 1787. While many contributed
to crafting the document known today as the U.S. Constitution,
James Madison wrote the draft forming the basis for the
Constitution. Those who participated in its development gathered
in Independence Hall in Philadelphia that sultry summer of 1787.
George Washington presided over the Convention. But many "Founding
Fathers" attended to other diplomatic duties, unable to
participate. Thomas Jefferson, the author of the Declaration of
Independence, served overseas on behalf of his country. John Adams
also served abroad. However, Patrick Henry refused to attend due
to principle and preferring the Articles of Confederation. Others
eventually swayed Henry when convention leaders added a Bill of
Rights. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
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Frontiers Of Flight Aviation History TV Series DVD, MP4, USB Drive
September 17: Smithsonian Day: -- A
national day where participating museums, zoos, and cultural
centers across the United States provide free entry to anyone
presenting a Museum Day ticket. This event is hosted by the
'Smithsonian' magazine. To get a ticket, people have to select a
museum and download it from a 'Smithsonian' magazine. The full
list of participating museums can be seen on the 'Smithsonian'
magazine's website, with more museums signing up every day. The
Smithsonian Institution developed from 1765 to 1829. The project
was by James Smithson, a British scientist who donated his estate
at Washington to the United States. In 1849, construction began.
An architect, James Renwick Jr. designed the project, and its
interiors were by a contractor Gilbert Cameron. In 1855, the
building opened. On August 10, 1846, the U.S. Senate passed the
act to endorse the Smithsonian Institution, signed into law by
President James K. Polk. Although Congress authorized acceptance
of the Smithson bequest on July 1, 1836, it still took 10 years of
deliberation before the Smithsonian. Once established, the museum
became part of developing a national identity rooted in
exploration and innovation. The Smithsonian's first secretary,
Joseph Henry, had intended the museum to be a center for
scientific research. It also became the depository for various
Washington and U.S. government collections - the United States
Exploring Expedition by the U.S. Navy went around the world
between 1838 and 1842 the voyage amassed thousands of specimens
and artifacts. They all became part of the Smithsonian
collections. The institution soon became irresistible to young
scientists from 1857 to 1866, who formed the Megatherium Club. The
Smithsonian played a crucial role in furthering science. The
Smithsonian's first expansion came with the construction of the
Arts and Industries Building in 1881 and The National Zoological
Park in 1889 to accommodate the Smithsonian's Department of Living
Animals. Many more extensions came after. Since more than 175
years ago, the Smithsonian has become the world's largest museum,
education, and research complex. It has 21 museums, the National
Zoo, and nine research facilities. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
In Country: Songs Of The Vietnam War Kris Kristofferson Download
DVD
September 17: International Country Music
Day: -- A day of festivals, concerts, dances, and all kinds of
other events that celebrate country music, to honor this
distinctly American genre. Today is about the music. It's popular
to joke about country songs being all about losing your dog, your
truck, your job, and your girlfriend, but in reality, the breadth
and depth of the genre offer something for everyone, from
Williams' 'Hey Good Lookin',' to New Country songs like Toby
Keith's 'Red Solo Cup.' On International Country Music Day, dip
into the wellspring and take a sip. Though International Country
Music Day has only been a worldwide phenomenon since 2003, country
music itself evolved during the 1920s in the U.S. The music form
is the result of a mix of Delta blues, Appalachian folk, Cajun
music, Creole Zydeco, and others. Today, people often think of the
genre as "Old Country," which has been wildly popular
since the 1950s. Artists during this golden period such as Johnny
Cash, Waylon Jennings, Willie Nelson, and of course Hank Williams,
gave fans unforgettable stories and glimpses into the struggles of
a hardscrabble life. Speaking of Hank Williams, the day chosen for
this holiday, September 17, is Williams' birthday. It's easy to
guess the country music icon left a wealth of quality country
songs as his legacy, such as 'Cold Cold Heart' and 'Lost Highway.'
As a matter of fact, all 35 of the singles Williams recorded made
the top ten on the Billboard Country & Western Bestsellers
chart, with 11 of them reaching the number one spot. Mention the
phrase country music, and don't be surprised if the name Hank
Williams is in the first sentence of the response. We believe he'd
be honored at the association of his birth date with International
Country Music Day. New country, on the other hand, is a subgenre
represented by a similarly talented pool of singers and
songwriters, including Dierks Bentley, Miranda Lambert, Keith
Urban, and many more, with a younger generation of country
musicians taking up the mantle more and more as time goes by.
Country music shows no signs of slowing down or going away, so
take International Country Music Day as a chance to discover why
so many people around the world love country music. On Sale Until
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
The Race For Space 1961 Historic Soviet Space Films DVD, Download,
USB
September 17, 1857: #BOTD: #HBD!
Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, Russian scientist and engineer Soviet
rocket scientist and pioneer of the astronautic theory of travel
beyond Earth's atmosphere (d. September 19, 1935) is #born
Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky in Izhevskoye (now in Spassky
District, Ryazan Oblast), in the Russian Empire. Along with the
French Robert Esnault-Pelterie, the German Hermann Oberth and the
American Robert H. Goddard, he is considered to be one of the
founding fathers of modern rocketry and astronautics. His works
later inspired leading Soviet rocket engineers such as Sergei
Korolev and Valentin Glushko and contributed to the success of the
Soviet space program. Tsiolkovsky spent most of his life in a log
house on the outskirts of Kaluga, about 200 km (120 mi) southwest
of Moscow. The Russian Space Museum was established in Kaluga as a
tribute to him, Where he is buried nearby at The Park Of The
Cosmonauts' Museum. He bequeathed his life's work to the Soviet
state. A recluse by nature, his unusual habits made him seem
bizarre to his fellow townsfolk; in 1911, he said "The Earth
is the cradle of the mind, but one cannot live forever in a
cradle." On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
George B. McClellan American Civil War General MP4 Download Or DVD
September 17, 1862: The American Civil
War (The Civil War, The War Between The States): The Eastern
Theater Of The American Civil War: The Maryland Campaign (The
Antietam Campaign): The Battle Of Antietam (The Battle Of
Sharpsburg): -- The bloodiest day in U.S. military history occurs
as General Robert E. Lee and the Confederate armies were stopped
at Antietam in Maryland by General George B. McClellan and
numerically superior Union forces in the single-day Battle Of
Antietam. The Battle Of Antietam, also known as the Battle Of
Sharpsburg, particularly in the South, was fought on September 17,
1862, near Sharpsburg, Maryland and Antietam Creek as part of the
Maryland Campaign. It was the first field army-level engagement in
the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War to take place on
Union soil and is the bloodiest single-day battle in American
history, with a combined tally of 22,717 dead, wounded, or
missing. McClellan halted Lee's invasion of Maryland, but Lee was
able to withdraw his army back to Virginia without interference
from the cautious McClellan. McClellan's refusal to pursue Lee's
army led to his removal from command by President Abraham Lincoln
in November. Although the battle was tactically inconclusive, the
Confederate troops had withdrawn first from the battlefield,
making it a Union strategic victory. It was a sufficiently
significant victory to give Lincoln the confidence to announce his
Emancipation Proclamation, which discouraged the British and
French governments from pursuing any potential plans to recognize
the Confederacy. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
Frontiers Of Flight Aviation History TV Series DVD, MP4, USB Drive
September 17, 1911: Aviation: The History
Of Aviation: Aviation In The Pioneer Era: The History Of
Transcontinental Flight: -- Aviator Calbraith Perry Rodgers, in an
attempt to win the Hearst prize offered by publisher William
Randolph Hearst, begins the first transcontinental flight when he
takes off from Sheepshead Bay, New York and flew a distance of
3,417 miles. On November 5, 1911, he completed the first
transcontinental flight across America by landing at Pasadena,
California. The feat made him a national celebrity, but he was
killed in a crash a few months later at an exhibition in
California, close to where he had landed during his transatlantic
flight. On October 10, 1910, publisher William Randolph Hearst
offered the Hearst prize, 50K USD to the first aviator to fly
coast to coast, in either direction, in less than 30 days from
start to finish. Rodgers persuaded J. Ogden Armour, of Armour and
Company, to sponsor the flight, and in return he named the plane,
a Wright Model EX, after Armour's grape soft drink Vin Fiz. A
special train of three cars, including sleeper, diner, and
shop-on-wheels full of spare parts, was assembled to follow
Rodgers, who planned to fly above the railroad tracks. Rodgers
left from Sheepshead Bay, New York, on September 17, 1911, at 4:30
pm. He reached Chicago, the only required stop, on October 8,
1911. His arrival to Chicago attracted national attention. To
avoid the Rocky Mountains, he took a southerly route, flying
through the Midwest until reaching Texas. He turned west after
passing San Antonio. On November 5, 1911, he landed at Tournament
Park in Pasadena, California, at 4:04 pm in front of 20,000
people, missing the prize deadline by 19 days. He left Pasadena on
November 12, but crashed at Compton. After the Vin Fiz was
repaired, on December 10, 1911, he reached Long Beach, California,
flew over the Pacific, landed on a beach and taxied the plane into
the Pacific Ocean. About 50,000 people came to witness the
completion of the first transcontinental east-west flight. Rodgers
had carried the first transcontinental U.S. Mail pouch. The trip
required 70 stops and endured countless crashes and aircraft
malfunctions. Rodgers paid 70 USD a week to the Wright brothers'
technician, Charlie Taylor, who followed the Vin Fiz by train and
performed necessary maintenance or repairs. Rodgers was born on
January 12, 1879, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to Calbraith Perry
Rodgers and Maria Chambers Rodgers. His father, an Army captain,
died on August 23, 1878 prior to his birth. Among his ancestors,
Rodgers had Commodores John Rodgers, who was his paternal
grandfather, Oliver Hazard Perry, his maternal great-grandfather,
and Matthew Calbraith Perry, his great-grand uncle. He was a
cousin to John Rodgers, a naval aviation pioneer known for setting
the record of longest non-stop flight by seaplane of 1992 miles
(3206 km) on an attempt to fly from San Francisco to Honolulu in
1925. In 1885, Rodgers contracted scarlet fever, which left him
deaf in one ear and hearing impaired in the other, which
effectively barred him from following the family tradition of
naval service. He received his education first at home and then at
the Mercersburg Academy. In 1902, Rodgers joined his mother and
sister in New York City. He became a member of the New York Yacht
Club, and besides boating he rode motorcycles and drove cars. In
1906 he married Mabel Avis Graves; they had no children. The
Rodgers resided in Havre de Grace, Maryland. In June 1911, Rodgers
visited his cousin John, a naval aviator, who since March was
studying at the Wright Company factory and attending flying school
in Dayton, Ohio. Rodgers became interested in aviation. He
received 90 minutes of flying lessons from Orville Wright, and
purchased a Wright Flyer with John. On August 7, 1911, he took his
official flying examination at Huffman Prairie and became the 49th
aviator licensed to fly by the Federation Aeronautique
Internationale. He was one of the first civilians to purchase an
airplane. Instead of flying home, Rodgers entered the 1911 Chicago
International Aviation Meet, where he competed with the leading
aviators of the time. He set several records, including the
duration record, and won 11,285 USD in prize money. On April 3,
1912, while making an exhibition flight over Long Beach,
California, he flew into a flock of birds, causing the plane to
crash into the ocean. His neck was broken and his thorax damaged
by the engine of the airplane. He died a few moments later, a few
hundred feet from where the Vin Fiz ended its transcontinental
flight. The aircraft in this last flight was the spare Model B he
had carried in the special train during the transcontinental
flight, rather than the Vin Fiz. The Vin Fiz itself was later
given to the Smithsonian Institution by Calbraith's widow, Mabel
Rodgers, and is now on display at the National Air and Space
Museum. According to contemporary records, his was the 127th
airplane fatality since aviation began, and he was the 22nd
American aviator to die in an accident. He was also the first
pilot who fatally crashed as a result of a bird strike. Rodgers
was interred at Allegheny Cemetery in his hometown of Pittsburgh.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
World War 1 TV Series With Robert Ryan DVD, Video Download, USB
Drive
September 17, 1914: The European Civil
War: World War I: The First European War (The European Theater Of
World War I): The Western Front Of World War I: The Race To The
Sea (French: Course A La Mer, German: Wettlauf Zum Meer, Dutch:
Race Naar De Zee): -- A long series of reciprocal attempts by the
Franco-British and German armies to envelop the northern flank of
the opposing army through the provinces of Picardy, Artois and
Flanders, following in the aftemath of The Battle Of The Frontiers
(August 7 - September 13) and the German advance into France,
which had been stopped at the First Battle Of The Marne (September
5-12) and was followed by the First Battle Of The Aisne (September
13-28), a Franco-British counter-offensive, begins The Race To The
Sea, which rather than an attempt to advance northwards to the
North Sea, ended on the North Sea coast of Belgium around October
19, when the last open area from Dixmude to the North Sea was
occupied by Belgian troops who had retreated after the Siege Of
Antwerp (September 28 - October10 ). By winter, this had resulted
in the adoption of trench warfare, first by the French, then by
the German and other armies, largely freezing the armies in place,
and tragically setting the stage for the following four long years
of miserable, bloody and largely futile warfare on the Western
Front. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
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Rolling Stones Some Girls Outtakes Paris LA Nassau 1977-78 MP3 Set
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September 17, 1923: #BOTD: #HBD! Hank
Williams, American Country, Western Honky-Tonk, Gospel, and Blues
singer-songwriter and guitarist, regarded as one of the most
significant and influential American singers and songwriters of
the 20th century, who recorded 55 singles that reached the top 10
of the Billboard Country & Western Best Sellers chart, five of
which were released posthumously, and 12 of which reached No.1 (d.
January 1, 1953) is #born Hiram King Williams in the rural
community of Mount Olive, Alabama. Raised in Alabama, Williams
learned guitar from African-American blues musician Rufus Payne.
Both Payne and Roy Acuff significantly influenced his musical
style. After winning an amateur talent contest, Williams began his
professional career in Montgomery in the late 1930s playing on
local radio stations and at area venues such as school houses,
movie theaters, and bars. He formed the Drifting Cowboys backup
band, which was managed by his mother, and dropped out of school
to devote his time to his career. Because his alcoholism made him
unreliable, he was fired and rehired several times by radio
station WSFA, and had trouble replacing several of his band
members who were drafted during World War II. In 1944, Williams
married Audrey Sheppard, who competed with his mother to control
his career. After recording "Never Again" and "Honky
Tonkin'" with Sterling Records, he signed a contract with MGM
Records. He released the hit single "Move It On Over" in
1947 and joined the Louisiana Hayride radio program. The next year
he released a cover of "Lovesick Blues", which quickly
reached number one on Bilboard's Top Country & Western singles
chart and propelled him to stardom on the Grand Ole Opry. Although
unable to read or notate music to any significant degree, he wrote
such iconic hits as "Your Cheatin' Heart", "Hey,
Good Lookin'", and "I'm So Lonesome I Could Cry".
In 1952, Audrey divorced him and he married Billie Jean Horton. He
was dismissed by the Grand Ole Opry because of his unreliability
and alcoholism. Despite his relatively brief career, he is one of
the most celebrated and influential musicians of the 20th century,
especially in country music. Many artists have covered his songs
and he has influenced Chuck Berry, Elvis Presley, Waylon Jennings,
Johnny Cash, Bob Dylan, and the Rolling Stones, among others. He
was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 1961, the
Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1970, the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
in 1987, the Native American Music Awards Hall of Fame in 1999,
and gained a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. In 2010, he was
posthumously awarded a Pulitzer Prize Special Citation for his
"craftsmanship as a songwriter who expressed universal
feelings with poignant simplicity and played a pivotal role in
transforming country music into a major musical and cultural force
in American life." Hank Williams died aged 29 of a heart
attack, caused by insufficiency of the right ventricle of the
heart, after years of back pain, alcoholism, and prescription drug
abuse which severely compromised his health, dying under
controversial cicrumstances in the back seat of a car near Oak
Hill, West Virginia, en route to a New Year's Day 1953 concert at
the Canton Memorial Auditorium in Canton, Ohio, having hired
college student Charles Carr to drive him there. The result of the
original autopsy indicated that Williams died of a heart attack;
author Colin Escott concluded in his book Hank Williams: The
Biography that the cause of death was heart failure caused by the
combination of alcohol, morphine and chloral hydrate, the latter
then used at that time for short-term treatment of insomnia and as
a sedative before minor medical or dental treatment. The
investigating officer in Oak Hill declared later that Carr told
him that he had pulled over at the Skyline Drive-In restaurant
outside Oak Hill, and found Williams dead. Having interviewed
Carr, the best that Peter Cooper of The Tennessean could offer was
that "somewhere between Mount Hope and Oak Hill", Carr
noticed Williams' blanket had fallen off. "I saw that the
overcoat and blanket that had been covering Hank had slipped off,"
Carr told another reporter. "When I pulled it back up, I
noticed that his hand was stiff and cold." When he tried to
move his hands, they snapped back to the same position the hotel
porters had arranged him in. Carr told Cooper this happened at the
side of the road six miles from Oak Hill, but investigating
officer Howard Janney placed it in the Skyline Drive-In
restaurant's parking lot, noting that Carr sought help from a
Skyline employee. Another researcher decided it could have
happened at any of the gas stations near Mount Hope. Regardless,
Carr said he next drove to "a cut-rate gas station". "I
went inside and an older guy, around 50, came back out with me,
looked in the back seat, and said, 'I think you've got a problem'.
He was very kind, and said Oak Hill General Hospital was six miles
on my left," and that would place him in Mount Hope. They
later drove to Oak Hill in search of a hospital, stopping at a
Pure Oil station on the edge of town. Carr's account of how he
discovered that Williams was dead outside Oak Hill is challenged
by Dr. Leo Killorn, a Canadian intern at Beckley hospital, West
Virginia, fifteen miles from Oak Hill, who claims that Carr drove
up to the hospital and asked him to see Williams. Killorn stated
that the fact that Carr told him it was Hank Williams caused him
to remember the incident. Carr was exhausted and, according to the
police reports, nervous enough to invite suspicion that foul play
had been involved in Williams' death.Williams' body was
transported to Montgomery, Alabama on January 2. It was placed in
a silver coffin that was first shown at his mother's boarding
house at 318 McDounough Street for two days. His funeral took
place on January 4 at the Montgomery Auditorium, with his coffin
placed on the flower-covered stage. During the ceremony, Ernest
Tubb sang "Beyond The Sunset" followed by Roy Acuff with
"I Saw The Light" and Red Foley with "Peace In The
Valley". An estimated 15,000 to 25,000 people passed by the
silver coffin, and the auditorium was filled with 2,750 mourners.
During the funeral four women fainted and a fifth was carried out
of the auditorium in hysterics after falling at the foot of the
casket. His funeral was said to have been far larger than any ever
held for any other citizen of Alabama, and the largest event ever
held in Montgomery, surpassing Jefferson Davis' inauguration as
President of the Confederacy. Around two tons of flowers were
sent. Williams's remains are interred at the Oakwood Annex in
Montgomery. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
World War II: The War Years 17 Part TV Series MP4 Video Download
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September 17, 1939: The European Civil
War: World War II: The Second European War (The European Theater
Of World War II): The Invasion Of Poland (The September Campaign,
The Polish Campaign, The War Of Poland Of 1939, The Polish
Defensive War Of 1939): The Soviet Invasion Of Poland: -- Soviets
forces invade Eastern Poland without a formal declaration of war,
meeting little resistance and taking over 200,000 Poles prisoner
during the Polish Defensive War of 1939. This was done in
accordance with the Nazi-Soviet Pact in which the Nazis and
Soviets had predetermined how they would divide up Poland. The
Soviet Invasion Of Poland was a Soviet military operation in
Eastern Poland that occurred sixteen days after Nazi Germany
invaded Poland from the west. Subsequent military operations
lasted for the following 20 days and ended on October 6, 1939 with
the two-way division and annexation of the entire territory of the
Second Polish Republic by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union. This
division is sometimes called the Fourth Partition of Poland. The
Soviet (as well as German) Invasion Of Poland was indirectly
indicated in the "secret protocol" of the
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact signed on August 23, 1939, which divided
Poland into "spheres of influence" of the two
powers.German and Soviet cooperation in the Invasion Of Poland has
been described as co-belligerence. The Red Army, which vastly
outnumbered the Polish defenders, achieved its targets
encountering only limited resistance. Some 320,000 Poles were made
prisoners of war. The campaign of mass persecution in the newly
acquired areas began immediately. In November 1939 the Soviet
government annexed the entire Polish territory under its control.
Some 13.5 million Polish citizens who fell under the military
occupation were made Soviet subjects following show elections
conducted by the NKVD secret police in an atmosphere of terror,
the results of which were used to legitimize the use of force. A
Soviet campaign of political murders and other forms of
repression, targeting Polish figures of authority such as military
officers, police and priests, began with a wave of arrests and
summary executions. The Soviet NKVD sent hundreds of thousands of
people from eastern Poland to Siberia and other remote parts of
the Soviet Union in four major waves of deportation between 1939
and 1941. Soviet forces occupied eastern Poland until the summer
of 1941, when Germany terminated its earlier pact with the Soviet
Union and invaded the Soviet Union under the code name Operation
Barbarossa. The area was under German occupation until the Red
Army reconquered it in the summer of 1944. An agreement at the
Yalta Conference permitted the Soviet Union to annex territories
close to the Curzon Line (which almost coincided with all of their
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact portion of the Second Polish Republic),
compensating the Polish People's Republic with the greater
southern part of East Prussia and territories east of the
Oder-Neisse line. The Soviet Union appended the annexed
territories to the Ukrainian, Byelorussian and Lithuanian Soviet
Socialist Republics. After the end of World War II in Europe, the
Soviet Union signed a Polish-Soviet border agreement with the new,
internationally recognized Polish Provisional Government of
National Unity on 16 August 1945. This agreement recognized the
status quo as the new official border between the two countries,
with the exception of the region around Bialystok and a minor part
of Galicia east of the San River around Przemysl, which were later
returned to Poland. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
Hitler's War 2 Part WWII TV Documentary Series DVD, Download, USB
September 17, 1940: The European Civil
War: World War II: The Second European War (The European Theater
Of World War II): Aviation: Military Aviation: Air Warfare Of
World War II: The Battle Of Britain: Operation Sea Lion (German:
Unternehmen Seelowe): -- Following Nazi Germany's defeat in the
Battle Of Britain, Hitler postpones indefinitely the invasion of
Great Britain, code named Operation Sea Lion. On Adlertag (Eagle
day), August 13, 1940 Nazi Germany launched Unternehmen
Adlerangriff ("Operation Eagle Attack"), the German plan
to destroy the British Royal Air Force (RAF), in accordance with
Hitler's Directive No. 16 that ordered preparations for invasion
of Britain, codenamed Operation Sea Lion (Unternehmen Seelowe).
Before this could be carried out, air superiority or air supremacy
was required. The Luftwaffe was to destroy the RAF in order to
prevent it from attacking the invasion fleet or providing
protection for the Royal Navy's Home Fleet which might attempt to
prevent a landing by sea. Operation Eagle Attack inflicted
significant damage and casualties on the ground, but, marred by
poor intelligence and communication, they did not make a
significant impression on Fighter Command's ability to defend
British air space. Goering had promised Hitler that the Luftwaffe
would achieve the results required within days, or at worst weeks,
but these operations failed to destroy the RAF, or gain the
necessary local air superiority. As a result, Operation Sea Lion
was postponed indefinitely on September 17. On Sale Until Midnight
Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
The Unknown War: The Great Patriotic War Series WWII USSR DVD MP4
USB
September 17, 1941: The European Civil
War: World War II: The Second European War (The European Theater
Of World War II): The Mediterranean And Middle East Theater Of
World War II (The Mediterranean Theater Of War) The Anglo-Soviet
Invasion Of Iran (Operation Countenance) (August 25-31,1941): --
Soviet forces enter Tehran, Iran, finalizing The Anglo-Soviet
Invasion Of Iran (August 25-31, 1941), the neutral Imperial State
of Iran by the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union in August 1941.
The two powers announced that they would stay until six months
after the end of the war with their enemy Nazi Germany (World War
II), which turned out to be March 2, 1946. On that date the
British began to withdraw, but Moscow delayed until May, citing
"threats to Soviet security". Operation Countenance was
largely unopposed by the numerically and technologically
outmatched Iranian forces. The multi-pronged coordinated invasion
took place along Iran's borders with the Kingdom of Iraq,
Azerbaijan SSR, and Turkmen SSR, with fighting beginning on August
25 and ending on August 31, when the Iranian government formally
agreed to surrender, having already agreed to a ceasefire on
August 30. The invasion took place two months after the Axis
invasion of the Soviet Union and the Soviet Union's subsequent
alliance with the United Kingdom. The attack also took place less
than two months after Allied victories over pro-Axis forces in
neighbouring Iraq and French Syria and Lebanon. The invasion's
strategic purpose was to ensure the safety of Allied supply lines
to the USSR, secure Iranian oil fields, limit German influence in
Iran (Reza Shah had leveraged Germany to offset the British and
Soviet spheres of influence on Iran) and preempt a possible Axis
advance from Turkey through Iran toward the Baku oil fields or
British India. Following the invasion, on September 16, 1941, Reza
Shah abdicated and was forced into exile by the invading British.
He was replaced by his young son Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. On Sale
Until Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
Monty: Bernard Montgomery Documentaries DVD, Video Download, USB
Drive
September 17, 1944: The European Civil
War: World War II: The Second European War (The European Theater
Of World War II): The Western Front Of World War II: The Siegfried
Line Campaign (The Pursuit To The Rhine, The Allied Advance From
Paris To The Rhine, The Liberation Of Western Europe): The Western
Allied Invasion Of The Netherlands (The Liberation Of The
Netherlands In World War II): Operation Market Garden: The Battle
Of Arnhem: -- Allied Airborne troops parachute into the
Netherlands in and around Arnhem as the "Market" half of
Operation Market Garden. Operation Market Garden (17-25 September
1944) was an unsuccessful Allied military operation, fought in the
Netherlands and Germany in the Second World War. The operation was
split into two sub-operations: Market - the airborne forces, the
First Allied Airborne Army, who would seize bridges; and Garden -
the ground forces, consisting of the British XXX Corps. Market
Garden contained the largest airborne operation up to that point.
Several bridges between Eindhoven and Nijmegen were captured at
the beginning of the operation, but they could not be held, and
the Germans counterattacked. The failure of Market Garden ended
Allied expectations of finishing the war by Christmas 1944. On
Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
Outer Space Films 10 Space Planes: Shuttle & X-Planes DVD
Download USB
September 17, 1976: The History Of
Rocketry: The History Of Spaceflight: The Aftermath Of World War
II: The Cold War: The Space Age: The Space Race: Space Programs Of
The United States: Human Spaceflight Programs: The Space Shuttle
Program (The Space Transportation System (STS)): Unveilings: Space
Shuttle Enterprise (Orbiter Vehicle Designation: OV-101): -- Space
Shuttle Enterprise, the first orbiter of the Space Shuttle
Program, is unveiled by NASA. Space Shuttle Enterprise (Orbiter
Vehicle Designation: OV-101) was built for NASA as part of the
Space Shuttle program to perform atmospheric test flights after
being launched from a modified Boeing 747. It was constructed
without engines or a functional heat shield. As a result, it was
not capable of spaceflight. On August 12, 1977, Enterprise made
its first of five crewed free flights of the shuttles Approach And
Landing Tests, a series of sixteen 1977 taxi and flight trials of
the prototype Space Shuttle Enterprise to test the vehicle's
flight characteristics. It would be over three and a half years,
on April 12, 1981, that Space Shuttle Program began spaceflight
missions with Space Shuttle Columbia, with Enterprise making its
first space flight three months later, on July 16, 1981.
Originally, Enterprise had been intended to be refitted for
orbital flight to become the second space-rated orbiter in
service. However, during the construction of Space Shuttle
Columbia, details of the final design changed, making it simpler
and less costly to build Challenger around a body frame that had
been built as a test article. Similarly, Enterprise was considered
for refit to replace Challenger after the latter was destroyed,
but Endeavour was built from structural spares instead. Enterprise
was restored and placed on display in 2003 at the Smithsonian's
new Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center in Virginia. Following the
retirement of the Space Shuttle fleet, Discovery replaced
Enterprise at the Udvar-Hazy Center, and Enterprise was
transferred to the Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum in New
York City, where it has been on display since July 2012. On Sale
Until Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
The Sword Of Islam: The Islamic Revolution DVD MP4 USB Flash Drive
September 17, 1978: The Cold War: The
Arab-Israeli Conflict: The Aftermath Of The Yom Kippur War: The
Arab-Israeli Peace Process: The Egyptian-Israeli Peace Process:
The Camp David Accords: -- Egyptian President Anwar El Sadat and
Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin sign The Camp David Accords
on September 17, 1978, following twelve days of secret
negotiations at Camp David. The agreement was signed at the White
House, and were witnessed by United States President Jimmy Carter.
This led directly to the 1979 Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty. Due to
the agreement, Sadat and Begin received the shared 1978 Nobel
Peace Prize. Sadat was assassinated by members of Egypt's Islamic
Jihad in part due to his signing the Camp David Accords. On Sale
Until Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
The Struggles For Poland TV Series + Bonus MP4 Video Download DVD
Set
September 17, 1980: Eastern Block
Non-Violent Revolutions: The Labor Union Movement In Poland:
Solidarity (Polish Trade Union) (Independent Self-Governing Trade
Union Solidarity, Solidarnosc): -- After weeks of strikes at the
Lenin Shipyard in Gdansk, Poland, the nationwide independent trade
union Solidarity is established when over twenty Inter-factory
Founding Committees of independent trade unions merged at the
congress into one national organisation and hold their First
Congress. Solidarity had emerged on August 31, 1980 at the Gdansk
Shipyard when the Communist government of Poland signed the
agreement allowing for its existence. It was officially registered
on November 10, 1980. Solidarity (Polish: Solidarnosc), full name
Independent Self-Governing Trade Union (Polish: Niezalezny
Samorzadny Zwiazek Zawodowy, abbreviated NSZZ), is a Polish trade
union founded in August 1980 at the Lenin Shipyard in Gdansk,
Poland. Subsequently, it was the first independent trade union in
a Warsaw Pact country to be recognised by the state. The union's
membership peaked at 10 million in September 1981, representing
one-third of the country's working-age population. Solidarity's
leader Lech Walesa was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983 and
the union is widely recognised as having played a central role in
the end of Communist rule in Poland. In the 1980s, Solidarity was
a broad anti-authoritarian social movement, using methods of civil
resistance to advance the causes of workers' rights and social
change. Government attempts in the early 1980s to destroy the
union through the imposition of martial law in Poland and the use
of political repression failed. Operating underground, with
significant financial support from the Vatican and the United
States, the union survived and by the later 1980s had entered into
negotiations with the government. The 1989 round table talks
between the government and the Solidarity-led opposition produced
agreement for the 1989 legislative elections, the country's first
pluralistic election since 1947. By the end of August, a
Solidarity-led coalition government was formed and in December
1990, Walesa was elected President of Poland. Following Poland's
transition to liberal capitalism in the 1990s and the extensive
privatisation of state assets, Solidarity's membership declined
significantly; by 2010, 30 years after being founded, the union
had lost more than 90% of its original membership. On Sale Until
Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
The Parade: North Korea Celebrates 40th Anniversary DVD, Download,
USB
September 17, 1988: The Olympic Games
(The Olympics):The 1988 Summer Olympics (Korean: 1988 Nyeon Hagye
Ollimpig) (The Games Of The XXIV Olympiad (Korean: Je 24 Hoe
Ollimpiggyeong-Gidaehoe), Seoul 1988): -- The 1988 Summer Olympics
opens in Seoul, South Korea, held from September 17 to October 2,
1988 in Seoul, South Korea. 159 nations were represented at the
games by a total of 8,391 athletes (6,197 men and 2,194 women).
237 events were held and 27,221 volunteers helped to prepare the
Olympics. The 1988 Seoul Olympics were the second summer Olympic
Games held in Asia and the first held in South Korea. As the host
country, South Korea ranked fourth overall, winning 12 gold medals
and 33 medals in the competition. 11,331 media (4,978 written
press and 6,353 broadcasters) showed the Games all over the world.
These were the last Olympic Games of the Cold War, as well as for
the Soviet Union and East Germany, as both ceased to exist before
the next Olympic Games in 1992. The Soviet Union dominated the
medal count, winning 55 gold and 132 total medals. The results
that got closest to that medal haul in the years since are China's
48 gold medals in 2008 and the USA's 121 total medals in 2016.
Compared to the 1980 Summer Olympics (Moscow) and the 1984 Summer
Olympics (Los Angeles), which were divided into two camps by
ideology, the 1988 Seoul Olympics was a competition in which the
boycotts virtually disappeared, although they were not completely
over. North Korea boycotted the 1988 Seoul Olympics, as well as
five socialist countries including Cuba, an ally of North Korea.
Albania, Ethiopia, and Seychelles did not respond to the
invitation sent by the IOC. Nicaragua did not participate due to
athletic and financial considerations, while the expected
participation of Madagascar was withdrawn for financial reasons.
Nonetheless, the much larger boycotts seen in the three previous
editions were avoided, resulting in the largest number of
participating nations during the Cold War era, and thus regarded
as the Olympics that laid the groundwork for the end of the Cold
War. For South Korea, the 1988 Olympics was a symbolic event that
elevated its international image while also contributing to
national pride. Only thirty-five years after the Korean War which
devastated the nation, and during a decade of social unrest in
South Korea, the Olympics was successfully held and became the
culmination of what was deemed the "Miracle on the Han
River". On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
War Props: The Junkers Ju 87 Stuka Dive Bomber DVD, MP4, USB Drive
September 17, 1935: Aviation: The History
Of Aviation: The History Of Military Aviation: Maiden Flights: --
The Junkers Ju 87 Stuka (from Sturzkampfflugzeug, "Dive
Bomber") makes its first flight. The flight report, by
Hauptmann Willy Neuenhofen, stated the only problem was with the
small radiator, which caused the engine to overheat. The design of
the Ju 87 had begun in 1933 as part of the Sturzbomber-Programm,
and was to be powered by the British Rolls-Royce Kestrel engine.
Ten engines were ordered by Junkers on April 19, 1934. The first
Ju 87 prototype was built by AB Flygindustri in Sweden and
secretly brought to Germany in late 1934. It was to have been
completed in April 1935, but, due to the inadequate strength of
the airframe, construction took until October 1935. The Junkers
Ju-87 was a German dive bomber and ground-attack aircraft.
Designed by Hermann Pohlmann, it first flew in 1935. The Ju 87
made its combat debut in 1937 with the Luftwaffe's Condor Legion
during the Spanish Civil War of 1936-1939 and served in Axis
forces in World War II (1939-1945). The aircraft is easily
recognisable by its inverted gull wings and fixed spatted
undercarriage. Upon the leading edges of its faired main gear legs
were mounted ram-air sirens known as Jericho trumpets [de], which
became a propaganda symbol of German air power and of the
so-called Blitzkrieg victories of 1939-1942, as well as providing
Stuka pilots with audible feedback as to speed. The Stuka's design
included several innovations, including automatic pull-up dive
brakes under both wings to ensure that the aircraft recovered from
its attack dive even if the pilot blacked out from the high
g-forces. The Ju 87 operated with considerable success in close
air support and anti-shipping roles at the outbreak of World War
II. It led air assaults in the Invasion Of Poland in September
1939. Stukas proved critical to the rapid conquest of Norway, the
Netherlands, Belgium and France in 1940. Though sturdy, accurate,
and very effective against ground targets, the Stuka was, like
many other dive bombers of the period, vulnerable to fighter
aircraft. During the Battle Of Britain of 1940-1941, its lack of
manoeuvrability, speed and defensive armament meant that it
required a heavy fighter escort to operate effectively. After the
Battle Of Britain, the Luftwaffe deployed Stuka units in the
Balkans Campaign, the African and the Mediterranean theatres and
in the early stages of the Eastern Front war, where it was used
for general ground support, as an effective specialised anti-tank
aircraft and in an anti-shipping role. Once the Luftwaffe lost air
superiority, the Stuka became an easy target for enemy
fighter-aircraft. It was produced until 1944 for lack of a better
replacement. By 1945 ground-attack versions of the Focke-Wulf Fw
190 had largely replaced the Ju 87, but it remained in service
until the end of the war in 1945. Germany built an estimated 6,000
Ju 87s of all versions between 1936 and August 1944. Oberst
Hans-Ulrich Rudel became the most successful Stuka pilot and the
most highly decorated German serviceman of the Second World War.
On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
Winston Churchill: The Valiant Years TV Series DVD, MP4, USB Drive
September 17, 1939: The European Civil
War: World War II: The Second European War (The European Theater
Of World War II): The Battle Of The Atlantic: The SInking Of HMS
Courageous: -- German submarine U-29 in an evening attack off the
coast of Ireland sinks with two torpedoes the British aircraft
carrier HMS Courageous, the first British warship to be sunk by
German forces, with the loss of more than 500 of her crew. HMS
Courageous was the lead ship of her class of three battlecruisers
built for the Royal Navy in the First World War. Designed to
support the Baltic Project championed by First Sea Lord John
Fisher, the ship was very lightly armoured and armed with only a
few heavy guns. Courageous was completed in late 1916 and spent
the war patrolling the North Sea. She participated in the Second
Battle of Heligoland Bight in November 1917 and was present when
the German High Seas Fleet surrendered a year later. Courageous
was decommissioned after the war, then rebuilt as an aircraft
carrier in the mid-1920s. She could carry 48 aircraft, compared
with 36 carried by her half-sister Furious on about the same
displacement. After recommissioning she spent most of her career
operating off Great Britain and Ireland. She briefly became a
training ship, but reverted to her normal role a few months before
the start of the Second World War in September 1939. On August 31,
1939, serving with the Home Fleet with 811 and 822 Squadrons
aboard, each squadron equipped with a dozen Fairey Swordfish,
Courageous went to her war station at the Isle Of Portland in the
English Channel and embarked the two squadrons of Swordfish.
Courageous then sailed to Plymouth, departing on the evening of
September 3, 1939 for an anti-submarine patrol in the Western
Approaches, escorted by four destroyers. In the early days of the
war, hunter-killer groups were formed around the fleet's aircraft
carriers to find and destroy U-boats. On the evening of September
17, 1939, she was on one such patrol off the coast of Ireland. Two
of her four escorting destroyers had been sent to help a merchant
ship under attack and all her aircraft had returned from patrols.
U-29, a Type VIIA U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine, the most
common and most famous type of U-boat, was commanded by
Captain-Lieutenant Otto Schuhart, who stalked Courageous for more
than two hours. The carrier then turned into the wind to launch
her aircraft. This put the ship right across the bow of the
submarine, which fired three torpedoes. Two of the torpedoes
struck the ship on her port side before any aircraft took off,
knocking out all electrical power, and she capsized and sank in 20
minutes with the loss of 519 of her crew, including her captain.
The US cargo ship Collinsgworth, Ellerman Lines cargo ship Dido,
and Dutch ocean liner Veendam rescued survivors. The two escorting
destroyers counterattacked U-29 for four hours, but the submarine
escaped. The commander of the German submarine force, Commodore
Karl Donitz, regarded the sinking of Courageous as "a
wonderful success" and it led to widespread jubilation in the
Kriegsmarine (German navy). Grand Admiral Erich Raeder, commander
of the Kriegsmarine, directed that Schuhart be awarded the Iron
Cross First Class and that all other members of the crew receive
the Iron Cross Second Class. During U-29's career, she sank twelve
ships, totaling 67,277 gross register tons (GRT) and one warship
of 22,500 tons. At the beginning of 1941, U-29 was removed from
front line duty and reassigned to the 24th U-boat Flotilla as a
training submarine. The U-boat was used in this role until April
17, 1944 when she was decommissioned and used for instruction.
U-29 was scuttled in Kupfermuhlen Bay, (east of Flensburg), on May
5, 1945 as part of Operation Regenbogen, the German code name for
the planned mass scuttling of the German U-boat fleet to avoid
surrendering them to the Allies at the end of World War II. The
wreck was still in situ as of 1993. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight
PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
The Genius That Was China Documentary Series DVD, Download, USB
Drive
September 17, 1894: The Century Of
Humiliation (The Hundred Years Of National Humiliation)
(1838-1945): The Sino-Japanese Wars: The First Sino-Japanese War:
The Battle Of The Yalu River (1894) (The Battle Of Haiyang Island,
The Battle Of Dadonggou, The Battle Of The Yellow Sea, The Battle
Of Yalu): -- The largest naval engagement of the First
Sino-Japanese War occurs between the Beiyang Fleet of Qing Dynasty
China and ships of The Empire Of Japan on the day after the
Japanese victory at the land Battle Of Pyongyang. The Battle of
the Yalu River (Amnok River) (simplified Chinese: Huang Hai
Haizhan, "Battle Of The Yellow Sea"; Japanese:
Kokai-Kaisen, "Naval Battle Of The Yellow Sea"), is
known by a variety of additional names: The Battle Of The Amnok
River, Battle Of Haiyang Island, Battle Of Dadonggou and Battle of
Yalu, after the geographic location of the battle, which was in
the Yellow Sea off the mouth of the Yalu River and not in the
river itself. There is no agreement among contemporary sources on
the exact numbers and composition of each fleet, but both were of
a similar size, and the battle is considered to be one of the
Imperial Japanese Navy's greatest victories. On Sale Until
Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
Outer Space Films 12: The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project DVD MP4 USB
Drive
September 17, 1930: #BOTD: #HBD! Thomas
P. Stafford, American Air Force officer, test pilot, and NASA
astronaut, and one of 24 astronauts who flew to the Moon, Chief Of
The Astronaut Office from 1969 to 1971 (d. March 18, 2024) is
#born Thomas Patten Stafford in Weatherford, Oklahoma, to Dr.
Thomas Sabert Stafford, a dentist, and Mary Ellen Stafford (nee
Patten), a former teacher. After graduating from the United States
Naval Academy, Stafford was commissioned in the United States Air
Force, flying the F-86 Sabre before becoming a test pilot. He was
selected to become an astronaut in 1962, and flew aboard Gemini 6A
in 1965 and Gemini 9A in 1966. In 1969, he commanded Apollo 10,
the second crewed mission to orbit the Moon. Here, he and Gene
Cernan became the first to fly an Apollo Lunar Module in lunar
orbit, descending to an altitude of nine miles (fourteen
kilometres). In 1975, Stafford was the commander of the
Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) flight, the first joint
U.S.-Soviet space mission. A brigadier general at the time, he
became the first general officer to fly in space. He was the first
member of his Naval Academy class to pin on the first, second, and
third stars of a general officer. He made six rendezvous in space
and logged 507 hours of space flight. Stafford flew more than 120
types of fixed-wing and rotary aircraft and three types of
spacecraft. After the deaths of Wally Schirra, Eugene Cernan, and
John Young, he was the last surviving crew member of Gemini 6A,
Gemini 9A, and Apollo 10. In 1993, the Stafford Air & Space
Museum was founded in his hometown of Weatherford, Oklahoma.
Originally just two rooms, it has grown to over 63,000 square feet
(5,850 m2) of artifact space. It is a Smithsonian affiliate and is
the only museum in the world to house test-fired engines that
would have been used in the Space Race: a U.S. F-1 engine and a
Soviet NK-33 engine. It holds the Gemini 6 spacecraft that he and
Schirra flew in a rendezvous with Gemini 7. Tom Stafford died of
liver cancer at a care home in Satellite Beach, Florida at the age
of 93. He is buried at Greenwood Cemetery in Weatherford,
Oklahoma. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
The President Vanishes (1934) DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
September 17, 1934: First Publications:
-- The President Vanishes is published, the controversial 1934
anonymous political novel (revealed in 1938 to have been written
by detective fiction wroter Rex Stout) based on the events of the
failed Business Plot, also called the Wall Street Putsch, The
White House Putsch and The White House Coup Of 1934, a political
conspiracy in 1933 in the United States to overthrow the
government of President Franklin D. Roosevelt and install a
fascist dictator. The existence of the plot was testified to by
two-time Medal Of Honor recipient Smedley Butler before the United
States House Of Representatives Special Committee On Un-American
Activities (the "McCormack-Dickstein Committee"), events
that occurred in the very same year this esteemed political drama
and the film based on it were released. Retired Marine Corps Major
General Smedley Butler asserted that wealthy businessmen were
plotting to create a fascist veterans' organization with Butler as
its leader and use it in a coup d'etat to overthrow Roosevelt. In
1934, Butler testified under oath before the United States House
Of Representatives Special Committee on Un-American Activities
(the "McCormack-Dickstein Committee") on these
revelations. No one was prosecuted. At the time of the incidents,
most major news media dismissed the plot, with a New York Times
editorial characterizing it as a "gigantic hoax". While
historians have questioned whether or not a coup was actually
close to execution, most agree based on the documented evidence
that was indeed not only contemplated and discussed but also
executed to the extent that Smedley Butler was indeed approached
and asked to join in the coup. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
Exodus: The Birth Of Israel + Bonus Title DVD, MP4 Download, USB
Drive
September 17, 1948: The Aftermath Of
World War II: The Cold War: The Decolonization Of Asia: The
Arab-Israeli Conflict: Mandatory Palestine: Intercommunal Conflict
In Mandatory Palestine: The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: The
1947-1948 Civil War In Mandatory Palestine: The 1948 Palestine
War: Terrorism: Terrorism In Mandatory Palestine: The Lehi
(Hebrew: Lohamei Herut Israel - Lehi, "Fighters for the
Freedom of Israel - Lehi") (The Stern Gang): The
Assassination Of Folke Bernadotte: -- #DOTD: #RIP: The Lehi (also
known as the Stern gang) paramilitary Zionist group assassinates
Folke Bernadotte, Swedish diplomat and Count Of Wisborg, who was
appointed by the United Nations to mediate between the Arab
nations and Israel. Folke Bernadotte #dies by assassination in
Jerusalem at the hands of the corrupt Stern gang in 1948 by the
Lehi while pursuing his official duties. Upon his death, Ralph
Bunche took up his work at the UN, successfully mediating the 1949
Armistice Agreements between Israel and Egypt. Folke Bernadotte
(b. January 2, 1895) negotiated the release of about 31,000
prisoners from German concentration camps, including 450 Danish
Jews from the Theresienstadt camp. They were released on April 14,
1945. In 1945 he received a German surrender offer from Heinrich
Himmler, though the offer was ultimately rejected. After the war,
Bernadotte was unanimously chosen to be the United Nations
Security Council mediator in the Arab-Israeli Conflict Of
1947-1948. Lehi (Hebrew, "Fighters for the Freedom of Israel:
Lehi"), often known pejoratively as the Stern Gang, was a
Zionist paramilitary organization founded by Avraham ("Yair")
Stern in Mandatory Palestine. Its avowed aim was to evict the
British authorities from Palestine by resort to force, allowing
unrestricted immigration of Jews and the formation of a Jewish
state, a "new totalitarian Hebrew republic". The group
admitted to having used "terrorist" attacks. Lehi split
from the Irgun militant group in 1940 in order to continue
fighting the British during World War II. It initially sought an
alliance with Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany. Believing that Nazi
Germany was a lesser enemy of the Jews than Britain (!), Lehi
twice attempted to form an alliance with the Nazis, proposing a
Jewish state based on "nationalist and totalitarian
principles, and linked to the German Reich by an alliance".
After Stern's death in 1942, the new leadership of Lehi began to
move it towards support for Joseph Stalin's Soviet Union and the
ideology of National Bolshevism, which was considered an amalgam
of both right and left. Regarding themselves as "revolutionary
Socialists", the new Lehi developed a highly original
ideology combining an "almost mystical" belief in
Greater Israel with support for the Arab liberation struggle. This
sophisticated ideology failed to gain public support and Lehi
faired poorly in the first Israeli elections. Lehi and the Irgun
were jointly responsible for the massacre in Deir Yassin. Lehi
assassinated Lord Moyne, British Minister Resident in the Middle
East, and made many other attacks on the British in Palestine. On
29 May 1948, the government of Israel, having inducted its
activist members into the Israel Defense Forces, formally
disbanded Lehi, though some of its members carried out one more
terrorist act, the assassination of Folke Bernadotte some months
later, an act condemned by Bernadotte's replacement as mediator,
Ralph Bunche. After the assassination, the new Israeli government
declared Lehi a terrorist organization, arresting some 200 members
and convicting some of the leaders. Just before the first Israeli
elections in January 1949, a general amnesty to Lehi members was
granted by the government. In 1980, Israel instituted a military
decoration, an "award for activity in the struggle for the
establishment of Israel", the Lehi ribbon. Former Lehi leader
Yitzhak Shamir became Prime Minister of Israel in 1983. On Sale
Until Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
The Story Of Civilization: Will & Ariel Durant DVD, MP3
Download, USB
September 17, 1683: Biology: The History
Of Biology: Microbiology: The History Of Microbiology: -- Antonie
van Leeuwenhoek writes a letter to the Royal Society describing
"animalcules": the first known description of protozoa.
Antonie Philips van Leeuwenhoek, Dutch microscopist, biologist,
businessman and scientist in the Golden Age of Dutch science and
technology known as "the Father of Microbiology", one of
the first microscopists and microbiologists (b. October 24, 1632 -
August 26, 1723) was born and raised in the city Delft, Dutch
Republic. He was a largely self-taught man in science, best known
for his pioneering work in microscopy and for his contributions
toward the establishment of microbiology as a scientific
discipline. van Leeuwenhoek worked as a draper in his youth and
founded his own shop in 1654. He became well recognized in
municipal politics and developed an interest in lensmaking. In the
1670s, he started to explore microbial life with his microscope.
This was one of the notable achievements of the Golden Age of
Dutch exploration and discovery (c._1590s-1720s). Using
single-lensed microscopes of his own design and make, van
Leeuwenhoek was the first to observe and to experiment with
microbes, which he originally referred to as dierkens, diertgens
or diertjes (Dutch for "small animals" [translated into
English as animalcules, from Latin animalculum = "tiny
animal"]). He was the first to relatively determine their
size. Most of the "animalcules" are now referred to as
unicellular organisms, although he observed multicellular
organisms in pond water. He was also the first to document
microscopic observations of muscle fibers, bacteria, spermatozoa,
red blood cells, crystals in gouty tophi, and among the first to
see blood flow in capillaries. Although van Leeuwenhoek did not
write any books, he described his discoveries in letters to the
Royal Society, which published many of his letters, and to persons
in several European countries. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek died at the
age of 90 in Delft, the city of his birth, and was buried there
four days later in the Oude Kerk, a Gothic Protestant church in
the old city center. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
Alien Secrets Area 51 2 Part Documentary Series MP4 Video Download
DVD
September 17, 1930: #BOTD: #HBD! Edgar Mitchell, American captain, test pilot, aeronautical engineer, mystic, ufologist and astronaut (d. February 4, 2016) is #born Edgar Dean Mitchell in Hereford, Texas and grew up in Artesia, New Mexico, 40 miles south of Roswell, which he was well familiar with growing up. Edgar Mitchell was the Lunar Module Pilot of Apollo 14, and spent nine hours working on the lunar surface in the Fra Mauro Highlands region, making him the sixth person to walk on the Moon. He became founding chairman of the Institute of Noetic Sciences (IONS) in Palo Alto, California in 1973 for the purpose of consciousness research and other "related phenomena". Annie Jacobsen has asserted that Mitchell's Mind Science Institute (a Los Angeles, California-based organization ultimately subsumed by the Institute of Noetic Sciences) was employed by the Central Intelligence Agency as a surreptitious conduit for payments to Andrija Puharich and Uri Geller while the latter was evaluated by an SRI International research group (led by Harold E. Puthoff and Russell Targ) in 1972. In 1976, Mitchell attempted to secure additional funding for the SRI group's remote viewing research in a private meeting with Director of Central Intelligence George H. W. Bush. Although Bush demurred (citing post-Watergate investigations of the intelligence community), he suggested the pursuit of military sponsorship, leading to the formation of the Stargate Project in 1978. Edgar Mitchell died under hospice care in West Palm Beach, Florida, at the age of 85, on the eve of the 45th anniversary of his lunar landing. As Roosa and Shepard had died in the 1990s, Mitchell was the last surviving member of the Apollo 14 crew. His burial details are not publicly disclosed. On July 23, 2008, Edgar Mitchell was interviewed on Kerrang Radio by Nick Margerrison. Mitchell claimed the Roswell crash was real and that aliens have contacted humans several times, but that governments have hidden the truth for 60 years, stating: "I happen to have been privileged enough to be in on the fact that we've been visited on this planet, and the UFO phenomenon is real." On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/alsear512pad.html |
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
WCW: William Carlos Williams Documentary DVD, Download, USB Drive
September 17, 1883: #BOTD: #HBD! William
Carlos Williams, American physician, pediatrician, poet, short
story writer, and essayist closely associated with modernism and
imagism (d. March 4, 1963) is #born in Rutherford, New Jersey (the
town of his life-long residence and death 79 years later) to an
English father and Puerto Rican mother of partial French descent.
His work has a great affinity with painting, in which he had a
lifelong interest. On February 17, 1913, The Armory Show opened in
New York City, displaying works of artists who are to become some
of the most influential painters of the early 20th century. It
inspired writers like William Carlos Williams to bring the vision
it represented into literature. In addition to his writing,
Williams had a long career as a physician practicing both
pediatrics and general medicine. He was affiliated with Passaic
General Hospital, where he served as the hospital's chief of
pediatrics from 1924 until his death. The hospital, which is now
known as St. Mary's General Hospital, paid tribute to Williams
with a memorial plaque that states "we walk the wards that
Williams walked". William Carlos Williams died in the town of
his birth and life-long residence, Rutherford, New Jersey, aged
79. He is buried in Hillside Cemetery in Lyndhurst, New Jersey. On
Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
Manfred von Richthofen The Red Baron & WWI Aviation DVD,
Download, USB
September 17, 1916: The European Civil
War: World War I: The First European War (The European Theater Of
World War I): The Western Front Of World War I: Aviation: Military
Aviation: Air Warfare Of World War I: Manfred Von Richthofen (The
Red Baron): -- Manfred Von Richthofen ("The Red Baron"),
flying ace of the German Air Force, scores his first confirmed
victory when he engages Second Lieutenant Lionel Morris and his
observer Tom Rees in the skies over Cambrai, France. His
autobiography states, "I honoured the fallen enemy by placing
a stone on his beautiful grave." He contacted a jeweller in
Berlin and ordered a silver cup engraved with the date and the
type of enemy aircraft. He continued to celebrate each of his
victories in the same manner until he had 60 cups, by which time
the dwindling supply of silver in blockaded Germany meant that
silver cups could no longer be supplied. Richthofen discontinued
his orders at this stage, rather than accept cups made from base
metal. By the time he himself died in aerial combat, he had been
officially credited with 80 air combat victories. On Sale Until
Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
The American Documents: The Legendary West w Ben Johnson DVD
Download
September 17, 1859 (or November 23,
1859): #BOTD: Billy The Kid, American Old Wild West outlaw
gunfighter (d. July 14, 1881) is #born Henry McCarty in New York
City to parents of Irish Catholic ancestry. Also known as William
H. Bonney, Billy The Kid killed eight men before he was shot and
killed at age 21. He took part in New Mexico's Lincoln County War,
an Old West conflict between rival factions, which began in 1878,
in New Mexico Territory, the predecessor to the modern state of
New Mexico, and dragged on until 1881. During that time, he
allegedly took part in three murders. McCarty was orphaned at age
13. The owner of a boarding house gave him a room in exchange for
work. His first arrest was for stealing food at age 16 in late
1875. Ten days later, he robbed a Chinese laundry and was
arrested, but he escaped only two days later. He tried to stay
with his stepfather, and then fled from New Mexico Territory into
neighboring Arizona Territory, making him both an outlaw and a
federal fugitive. After murdering a blacksmith during an
altercation in August 1877, Bonney became a wanted man in Arizona
Territory and returned to New Mexico, where he joined a group of
cattle rustlers. He became a well-known figure in the region when
he joined the Regulators and took part in the Lincoln County War.
In April 1878, the Regulators killed three men, including Lincoln
County Sheriff William J. Brady and one of his deputies. Bonney
and two other Regulators were later charged with killing all three
men. Bonney's notoriety grew in December 1880 when the Las Vegas
Gazette in Las Vegas, New Mexico, and The Sun in New York City
carried stories about his crimes. Sheriff Pat Garrett captured
Bonney later that month at Stinking Springs, New Mexico. In April
1881, Bonney was tried and convicted of the murder of Brady, and
was sentenced to hang in May of that year. He escaped from jail
again on April 28, 1881, killing two sheriff's deputies in the
process and evading capture for more than two months. Pat Garrett
shot and killed Bonney - aged 21 - outside Fort Sumner, aged 21.
He is buried at Old Fort Sumner Cemetery in Fort Sumner, New
Mexico. During the following decades, legends that Bonney had
survived that night grew, and a number of men claimed to be him.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
The Subterraneans 1960 Leslie Caron George Peppard DVD, Download,
USB
September 17, 1928: #BOTD: #HBD! Roddy
McDowall, English-American actor, voice artist, film director and
photographer (d. October 3, 1998) is #born Roderick Andrew Anthony
Jude McDowall at 204 Herne Hill Road, Herne Hill, London, England.
Roddy McDowall is best known for portraying Cornelius and Caesar
in the original Planet of the Apes film series, as well as Galen
in the spin-off television series. He began his acting career as a
child in England, and then in the United States, in How Green Was
My Valley (1941), My Friend Flicka (1943) and Lassie Come Home
(1943). As a teenager during World War II, he worked as a bus boy
in the Hollywood Canteen, a Hollywood club offering food, dancing
and entertainment for servicemen, usually on their way overseas.
As an adult, McDowall appeared most frequently as a character
actor on radio, stage, film, and television. For portraying
Augustus in the historical drama Cleopatra (1963), he was
nominated for a Golden Globe Award. Other titles include The
Subterraneans (1960), The Longest Day (1962), The Greatest Story
Ever Told (1965), That Darn Cat! (1965), Inside Daisy Clover
(1965), Bedknobs and Broomsticks (1971), The Poseidon Adventure
(1972), Funny Lady (1975), The Black Hole (1979), Class of 1984
(1982), Fright Night (1985), Overboard (1987), Fright Night Part 2
(1988) and A Bug's Life (1998). He also served in various
positions on the Board of Governors for the Academy Of Motion
Picture Arts And Sciences and the Selection Committee for the
Kennedy Center Honors, further contributing to various charities
related to the film industry and film preservation. He was a
founding Member of the National Film Preservation Board in 1989,
and represented the Screen Actors Guild on this Board until he
died of lung cancer at his home in Studio City, California, age
70. His body was cremated and his ashes were scattered into the
Pacific Ocean on October 7, 1998 off Los Angeles County. Dennis
Osborne, a screenwriter, had cared for McDowall in his final
months, and was quoted as saying, "It was very peaceful. It
was just as he wanted it. It was exactly the way he planned".
On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
Entertaining The Troops: American Entertainers In World War II MP4
DVD
September 17, 1904: #BOTD: #HBD! Jerry
Colonna, American comedian, singer, songwriter. trombonist and
actor (d. November 21, 1986) is #born Gerardo Luigi Colonna in
Boston, Massachusetts. Jerry Colonna played the zaniest of Bob
Hope's sidekicks in Hope's popular radio shows and films of the
1940s and 1950s. With his pop-eyed facial expressions and
walrus-sized handlebar moustache, Colonna was known for singing
loudly in a comic caterwaul, and for his catchphrase, "Who's
Yehudi?", uttered after many an old joke, although it usually
had nothing to do with the joke. The line was believed to be named
for violin virtuoso Yehudi Menuhin, and the search for Yehudi
became a running gag on the Hope show. Colonna played a range of
nitwitted characters, the best-remembered of which was a moronic
professor. Jerry Colonna died of kidney failure at the Motion
Picture & Television Country House and Hospital at 23388
Mulholland Drive in the Woodland Hills neighborhood of Los
Angeles, California with his wife of 56 years Florence Purcell at
his side. He is buried at San Fernando Mission Cemetery in Mission
Hills, Los Angeles County, California. On Sale Until Midnight
Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
The Night That Panicked America: War Of The Worlds DVD, Download,
USB
September 17, 1948: #BOTD: #HBD! John
Ritter, American actor of stage, film and television (d. September
11, 2003) is #born Johnathan Southworth Ritter, a son of the
singing cowboy star Tex Ritter and the father of actors Jason and
Tyler Ritter. He is known for playing Jack Tripper on the ABC
sitcom Three's Company (1977-1984), and received a Primetime Emmy
Award and a Golden Globe Award for the role in 1984. Ritter
briefly reprised the role on the spin-off Three's A Crowd, which
aired for one season, producing 22 episodes before its
cancellation in 1985. He appeared in over 100 films and television
series combined and performed on Broadway, with roles including
adult Ben Hanscom in It (1990), Problem Child (1990), Problem
Child 2 (1991), a dramatic turn in Sling Blade (1996), and Bad
Santa in 2003 (his final live action film, which was dedicated to
his memory). In 2002, Don Knotts called Ritter the "greatest
physical comedian on the planet". He became well known during
the late 1980s until his death as the television spokesperson for
"Where There's A Will, There's An "A'" scholastic
achievement program for high school students. His final roles
include voicing the title character on the PBS children's program
Clifford the Big Red Dog (2000-2003), for which he received four
Daytime Emmy Award nominations, and as Paul Hennessy on the ABC
sitcom 8 Simple Rules (2002-2003). John Ritter died after
rehearsing for "8 Simple Rules... for Dating My Teenage
Daughter" on the Walt Disney Studio lot in Burbank,
California, when he suddenly fell ill and began to experience
problems with his heart. Sweating profusely, vomiting, and
complaining of chest pain, he was taken across the street to the
Providence Saint Joseph Medical Center -- the same hospital in
which he was born -- at 6 p.m. that evening. Ritter was initially
treated by emergency room physicians for a heart attack; however,
his condition quickly worsened. Ritter was then diagnosed with
aortic dissection and was taken into surgery, but he was
pronounced dead at 10:48 p.m., six days shy of his 55th birthday.
A private funeral for Ritter was held on September 15, 2003, in
Los Angeles, after which he was interred at Forest Lawn, Hollywood
Hills Cemetery, in the Hollywood Hills of Los Angeles. In 2008,
Ritter's widow, Amy Yasbeck, on behalf of herself and Ritter's
children, filed lawsuits against doctors involved in Ritter's
treatment and Providence St. Joseph Medical Center. The lawsuits
against Providence St. Joseph were settled out of court for 9.4M
USD. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
Mo' Funny: Black Comedy In America DVD Video Download
September 17, 1970: Aesthetics:
Performing Arts: Premieres: Television Premieres: United States
Television Premieres: -- The Flip Wilson Show starring comedian
Flip Wilson premieres on the NBC television network, the first
prime time variety show starring an African American male since
the Nat King Cole Show, the first one to be successfully sponsored
enough to continue on to air future seasons, and the first such
show to become highly successful with a white audience. The Flip
Wilson Show was an hour-long show that ran from September 17,
1970, to June 27, 1974. During its first two seasons, its Nielsen
ratings made it the nation's second most watched show. The Flip
Wilson Show won two Emmy Awards out of 18 nominations. The wins
were both in 1971, for Outstanding Variety Series- Musical and
Outstanding Writing Achievement in Variety or Music. Wilson won
both awards, with producer Bob Henry and executive producer Monte
Kay also earning statuettes for the variety series honor and
Herbert Baker, Hal Goodman, Larry Klein, Bob Schiller, Bob
Weiskopf and Norman Steinberg for their writing. Flip Wilson won
one Golden Globe award in 1971 and received two other nominations
in 1972 and 1973 for Best Performance by an Actor in a Television
Series - Comedy or Musical. The Flip Wilson Show received an
additional Golden Globe nomination in 1972 for Best Television
Series-Comedy or Musical. The show consisted of many skits in a
60-minute variety format. It also broke new ground in American
television by using a "theatre-in-the-round" stage
format, with the audience seated on all sides of a circular
performance area (with some seats located behind the sketch sets
on occasion). Wilson was most famous for creating the role of
Geraldine Jones, a sassy, modern woman who had a boyfriend named
Killer (who, when not in prison, was at the pool hall). Flip also
created the role of Reverend Leroy, who was the minister of The
Church Of What's Happening Now! New parishioners were wary of
coming to the church as it was hinted that Reverend Leroy was a
con artist. Wilson popularized the catchphrase "The Devil
made me do it!". Geraldine Jones was a huge part of The Flip
Wilson Show and was played by Wilson wearing women's clothing.
Some of "Geraldine's" most famous quotes are, "The
Devil made me buy this dress!", "Don't you touch me,
honey, you don't know me that well! You devil, you!" and
"What you see is what you get!" In addition to the
skits, Wilson also signed many popular singers to provide
entertainment. African-American singers such as Ella Fitzgerald,
James Brown, Louis Armstrong, Lena Horne, Stevie Wonder, The
Jackson 5, The Chi-Lites, Ray Charles, Aretha Franklin, Gladys
Knight & the Pips, The Pointer Sisters, Charley Pride, Johnny
Mathis, The Temptations, and The Supremes appeared on the program,
as well as many contemporary white entertainers like Bobby Darin
(a frequent guest on his show), Bing Crosby (two appearances), Roy
Clark, Joan Rivers, The Osmonds, Johnny Cash, Roger Miller, and
Pat Boone. Usually, the singers also chose to partake in skits
with Wilson. Wilson's clout allowed him to get both the new
breakout performers (such as The Jackson 5, Roberta Flack, Sandy
Duncan, Lily Tomlin, George Carlin, Bill Cosby, Richard Pryor,
Albert Brooks, Lola Falana, and Melba Moore, all of whom became
very popular during this period) as well as established singers.
In late 1971, gospel legend Mahalia Jackson made one of her last
public performances on The Flip Wilson Show. While The Flip Wilson
Show first shared a studio with other television series, Wilson's
massive popularity allowed for him to get his own set of
soundstages, starting in the fall 1972 season. As the seasons went
on, however, the show's ratings slipped; ratings across the
variety show genre began a terminal decline in the mid-1970s.
This, coupled with Wilson's repeated demands for higher raises in
his salary, caused the series to go over its budget and led to its
cancellation. Half-hour versions of the series aired on TV Land
from 1997 to 2006. From 2011 to 2012, the show aired on TV One.
From 2012 to 2016, half-hour versions of the show aired on the
Aspire network. Decades presented a Weekend Binge of the half-hour
version on October 8-9, 2022. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
Color Adjustment 40 Years Of Black America On Broadcast TV DVD MP4
USB
September 17, 1968: Aesthetics:
Performing Arts: Premieres: Television Premieres: United States
Television Premieres: -- Julia, a weekly television sitcom
starring actress and singer Diahann Carroll in the title role
premieres on the NBC television network, the first modern
television show to star an African American woman since Beulah in
the 1950's, and the first weekly television series to star an
African-American woman in a non-stereotypical role; previous
television series featured African-American lead characters, but
the characters were usually servants. Diahann Carol played a
registered nurse who worked in a doctor's office at a large
aerospace company. The doctor, Morton Chegley, was played by Lloyd
Nolan, and Julia's romantic interests by Paul Winfield and Fred
Williamson. Julia's son, Corey (Marc Copage) was approximately six
to nine years old during the series run. He had barely known his
father before he died. Julia ran for 86 episodes on NBC from
September 17, 1968, to March 23, 1971. The series was among the
few situation comedies in the late 1960s that did not use a laugh
track; however, 20th Century-Fox Television added one when the
series was reissued for syndication and cable rebroadcasts in the
late 1980s. Julia was among the first acquisitions made by ASPiRE
for its inaugural season in 2012. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight
PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
Roots Of Resistance: The Underground Railroad DVD, MP4, USB Drive
September 17, 1849: The Origins Of The
American Civil War (The Civil War, The War Between The States):
Events Leading To The American Civil War: Slavery: Slavery In The
United States: -- American abolitionist Harriet Tubman escapes
from slavery. Harriet Tubman (born Araminta Ross; c. 1822 - March
10, 1913) was an American abolitionist, humanitarian, and an armed
scout and spy for the United States Army during the American Civil
War. Born into slavery, Tubman escaped and subsequently made some
thirteen missions to rescue approximately seventy enslaved people,
family and friends, using the network of antislavery activists and
safe houses known as the Underground Railroad. She later helped
abolitionist John Brown recruit men for his raid on Harpers Ferry,
and in the post-war era was an active participant in the struggle
for women's suffrage. Born Araminta Ross as a slave in Dorchester
County, Maryland, Tubman was beaten and whipped by her various
masters as a child. Early in life, she suffered a traumatic head
wound when an irate slave owner threw a heavy metal weight
intending to hit another slave and hit her instead. The injury
caused dizziness, pain, and spells of hypersomnia, which occurred
throughout her life. She was a devout Christian and experienced
strange visions and vivid dreams, which she ascribed to
premonitions from God. In 1849, Tubman escaped to Philadelphia,
then immediately returned to Maryland to rescue her family.
Slowly, one group at a time, she brought relatives with her out of
the state, and eventually guided dozens of other slaves to
freedom. Traveling by night and in extreme secrecy, Tubman (or
"Moses", as she was called) "never lost a
passenger". After the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 was passed,
she helped guide fugitives farther north into British North
America, and helped newly freed slaves find work. When the Civil
War began, Tubman worked for the Union Army, first as a cook and
nurse, and then as an armed scout and spy. The first woman to lead
an armed expedition in the war, she guided the raid at Combahee
Ferry, which liberated more than 700 slaves. After the war, she
retired to the family home on property she had purchased in 1859
in Auburn, New York, where she cared for her aging parents. She
was active in the women's suffrage movement until illness overtook
her and she had to be admitted to a home for elderly African
Americans that she had helped to establish years earlier. After
she died in 1913, she became an icon of American courage and
freedom. On Sale Until Midnight Tonight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% (Or More!) Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
Rita Rudner: Born To Be Mild Comedy Special MP4 Video Download DVD
September 17, 1953: #BOTD: #HBD! Rita
Rudner, American comedian, actress, dancer and screenwriter is
#born in Miami, Florida, the daughter of Frances, an Orthodox
Jewish homemaker from Brooklyn, and Abe Rudner, a Jewish lawyer
from the Catskills. Beginning her career as a Broadway dancer,
Rita Rudner noticed the lack of female comedians in New York City
and turned to stand-up comedy where she has flourished for over
four decades. Her performance on a variety of HBO specials and
numerous appearances on The Tonight Show with Johnny Carson,
helped establish Rudner as one of the premier comics to emerge
from the comedy boom of the 1980s. Rudner was born in Miami,
Florida, the daughter of Frances, a homemaker, and Abe Rudner, a
lawyer. She began taking ballet lessons at age 4. She is Jewish.
Her mother died of breast cancer when she was 13. After graduating
from high school at 15, Rudner left Miami and headed to New York
City to embark on a career as a dancer. Beginning with a small
role in Promises, Promises (joining the production in 1970), she
appeared in several Broadway shows, including the now-legendary
original productions of Follies (1971) and Mack & Mabel
(1974). She took over the role of Lily St. Regis in the
long-running musical Annie circa 1979, and stayed with the company
for over a year, leaving in 1981. Rudner did not turn to comedy
until she was 25, after observing how few female comedians there
were compared to the number of female dancers. She spent many
hours researching her favorite comedians, including Woody Allen
and Jack Benny. She enjoys Jewish humor, but reserves her Jewish
jokes for Jewish audiences. After starting her standup career in
the late 1970s, Rudner made her network television debut on Late
Night with David Letterman in 1982. She appeared frequently on
television shows both in the US and the UK (recording a six-part
series on BBC2 in 1990 in the latter), and she appeared often on
The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson. She has recorded several
award-winning comedy specials, most notably Rita Rudner: Born to
Be Mild and Rita Rudner: Married Without Children for HBO and Rita
Rudner: Live From Las Vegas for PBS in 2008. Rudner and her
husband wrote the screenplay of the 1992 film Peter's Friends, in
which she also acted. Rudner also has a role as the character
Bunny in her husband's 2011 film Thanks, which had its world
premiere at the 2011 Palm Springs Film Festival. Rudner is the
author of the books I Still Have It; I Just Can't Remember Where I
Put It, Naked Beneath My Clothes and the novels Tickled Pink and
Turning The Tables. She has written several screenplays and plays
with her husband. In January 2016, she appeared in a new play
titled Act 3... alongside Charles Shaughnessy at the Laguna
Playhouse, directed by Martin Bergman. Since 2001, Rudner has
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